System for operating electric motors



(No Model.)

- E. G. MORGAN. SYSTEM FOR'OPERATING ELEGTRIG MOTORS No. 507,629.Patented 061'. 31, 1893.

miwgw Irm /H207 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDMUND O. MORGAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

SYSTEM FOR OPERATING ELECTRIC MOTORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 507,629, dated October31, 1893.

Application filed June 9, 1892. Serial No.436,04]. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDMUND O. MORGAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Ohicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Systems for Operating ElectricMotors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to electrical apparatus for driving machinery ofdifferent kinds,

[0 and while it is particularly designed for operating reciprocatingmotors, such for instance as are commonly used in rock drilling machinesand coal mining machines, yet it may be employed with advantage inconnection with other forms of reciprocating motors,

and with various other machines.

The invention consists in substantially the construction and arrangementherein described and set forth in the claims.

-Like letters refer to the same parts in the drawing in which the figurerepresents a diagrammatic View of the arrangement of the circuits andcontacts in connection with the mechanical parts.

2 5 In the drawing I have elected to show a reciprocating motor to beoperated by my arrangement of electrical apparatus, which motor isillustrated as consisting of two coils L, L, of a well knownconstruction, and the 0 core 0 Whose stem projects beyond the coils andoperates any suitable machinery. The coils and the core in the presentinstance constitute what is familiarly termed a solenoid. Any suitablesource of electricity of sufficient power, which is preferably acontinuously acting dynamo, is connected to the apparatus by theconductors M and N respect ively issuing from its positive and negativepoles. From any suitable point on the posi- 0 tive wire M, a shunt Sleads to a hand switch P and thence through a small rheostat R withwhich said switch connects to the motor D. The motor D is connected toor mounted upon a shaft A upon which is also mounted a pinion 0 and arevolving arm I which contacts in its travel with more or lessof theblocks connected to the coils of a circular rheostat E which latter hasan insulating block J immediately adjacent to its last coil. It willthus be seen that the revolution of the motor will also revolve thepinion G and the arm I at the same rate of speed, or, as it is termed,synchronously.

In the drawing the View being diagrammatic the several portions of theshaft A upon which are mounted the gears, motor and, revolving arm areshown displaced from their proper position in the machine, butrepresented as they would appear with relation to their electricalconnections.

The motor imparting its motion to the pinion 0 will cause the latter todrive a gear F which being of a suitable circumference is revolved atone-eighth thespeed of the pinion but of course these relations may bechanged according to the circumstances of the case. The gear F ismounted upon the shaft B which also carries and operates two circularcontacts G, G, and a segmental contact H so that they are all drivensynchronously. I prefer the arran gement shown of the segmental contact,with two contact segments and two insulating segments, one contact andone insulated segment constituting one half of the wheel and the otherthe remaining half, the insulating segment being extended one quarterthe distance of the contact segment, thus making each insulating segmentone-eighth the circumference of the wheel, and each contact segmentthree eighths. As before sug- 8o gested these relations may be variedaccording to the exigencies of the case and thej udgment of theconstructor. The opposite contact segments are connected to differentcoils of the solenoid. In the position as shown in the drawing the leftcontact segment is connected through the contact ring G to the coil Land the right contact segment is connected through the ring G to thecoil L; short; wires afb, being used to connect the cono tact segmentswith the contact rings. The circular rheostat is made up for the mostpart in the customary way of a series of coils connected to blocks, overwhich the revolving contact arm passes and thereby places more 5 andmore resistance in the circuit as such arm continues its revolution, andfinally by interposing the entire resistance of the rheostat, brings thestrength of the current down to an inconsiderable amount which isinsuffi- 10o cient to produce a spark of a detrimental character whensuch circuit is broken. Im-

mediately adjacent to the last coil of this rheostat is an insulatingblock J so that when the revolving arm passes beyond the last contactblock, it is upon this insulating block and the circuit is thereforebroken at a point where the current is weakest. The positive pole of thedynamo is, as before suggested, connected by the conductor-M to thesegmental contact H but this of course is only when the brush bears uponthe contact portion of this wheel. When the brush 0 bears upon theinsulated section as shown in the drawing the current passes to therevolving arm I and thence through the conducting block of the circularrheostat to the wire T, then through the wire T to the left contactsegment of the segmental contact wheel and by the wire a to, the contactwheel G and by the wire U through the right arm of the switch P and thewire V to the coil L and thence back through the wire N to the negativepole of theldynamo. The segmental contact wheel is shown as revolving tothe left, and as having bearing thereon two brushes 0, d, which are soarranged in relation to the revolving contact arm and circular rheostatthat before the brush 0 passes from the insulating segment the brush clis upon the insulation, at which instant the contact arm will be uponthe insulation J of the circular rheostat; or, to express it differentlyand perhaps more clearly, the revolving contact should be upon theinsulation J before the brush d is upon its insulati ngblock, that is,before the brush It will be manifest how- I (1 leaves its contact. everthat inasmuch as the revolving contact arm is upon the shaft A and thesegmental contact wheel is upon the shaft B, the arm I moves eight timesas rapidly as the, segmental contact wheel, and that such arm breaks thecircuit only once in four revolutions inasmuch as there are twoinsulating.

blocks in the segmental contact wheel and these constitute one fourth ofthe surface of such wheel or in other words the relative revolutions ofthe arm and the segmental contact wheel are as eight to one but thereare two insulating blocks in the wheel so the circuit is broken once toevery four. revolutions of the arm. During all the other revolutions ofthe arm, when it is upon the insulating segment J, the brush 0 is on thecontact surface and either forms the only path for the curbymanipulating the switch P and shifting it a greater or less distanceupon the rheostat R which of course correspondingly afiects the actionof the solenoid.

It is obvious that many variations may be made in the details of theparts and the arrangements herein described, and shown in theaccompanying drawing without departing from the principle of myinvention, and therefore I do not wish to limit myself to the exactconstruction and arrangement shown and described.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a system for operating electric motors, the combination of acontinuously acting dynamo, a motor actuated thereby to operate anysuitable tool, devices for shifting the direction of the currentsupplied to suclrmotor, a rheostat, and synchronous mechanism connectingthe rheostat and the, devices for shifting the current so that thecurrent will be reduced before it is shifted; substantially as shown anddescribed.

2. In asystem for operating electric motors, the combination of .adynamo, amotor for actuating the tool, devices for shiftingrthe currentsupplied to such motor, andmechanism for reducing the strength of thecurrent synchronously connected to the shifting devices substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

3. In a system for operating electric motors, the combination of adynamo, a main motor for. actuating a tool, devices for shifting thecurrent, appliances for reducing the strength of the current, andmechanism for, connecting such shifting devices andreducing appliancesarranged to give determinate but different rates, of movement to suchdevices and appliances; substantially as and for the purpose set forth.y r

.4. In a system for operating electric motors, the combination of acontinuously acting dynamo, a main actuating motor consisting of twocoils and an armature, devices forshifting the current to one or otherof these coils; appliances for reducing the strength of the current justbefore it is shifted, and gearing connectingthe shifting deviceswith thereducing appliances such gearing being of a relative size to give adeterminate but differ: ent rate of movement to the shiftingdevices andreducing appliances.

5. In a system for operating electric motors,

the combination of a dynamo, a solenoid compris ng two coils and a core,devices for shifting the current, appliances for reducing the strengthof the current before it is shifted, a supplementary motor-operatingthelast mentioned appliances, and reducing gearing cona movable contact,gearing connecting such movable contact with the shifting appliances,whereby they may be synchronously and automatically operated;substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In a system for operating electric motors the combination of a dynamoa mainactuating motor, comprising two coils, and an armature, devicesfor shifting the current, mounted upon one shaft, and appliances forreducing the current mounted upon another shaft, and intermediatereducinggearing; substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In a system for operating electric motors, the combination of adynamo, an electric motor for actuating the tool, devices for shiftingthe current, appliances for reducing the strength of the current,consisting of a circular rheostat provided with a series of coils .and

an insulating segment adjacent to the last coil, and a revolving contactarm carried by a suitably actuated shaft, and reducing gearingconnecting this shaft with the shaft of the shifting devices,substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

9. In asystem for operating electric motors, the combination of adynamo, and a solenoid, comprising two coils and a core, devices forshifting the current alternately to the difierent coils of the solenoid,comprising a contact wheel carrying insulated and contact segments, anda pair of contact arms electrically connected with the contact segments,and appliances for reducing the strength of the current, and cutting itoff, comprising a circular rheostat, a number of coils and an insulatingsegment adjacent to the last coil, and a revolving contact arm mountedupon a shaft; a supplemental motor mounted upon the same shaft; anddriving such shaft, a pinion, and a larger gear carried upon the shaftof the shifting devices, and meshing with such pinion; substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

10. In asystem for operating electric motors, the combination of adynamo, a solenoid comprising two coils and a core, for operating thetool, devices for shifting the current, alternately to the difierentcoils of the solenoid, appliances for reducing the strength of thecurrent, asupplemental motor for driving the reducing appliances,proportional gearing connecting the shifting devices and reducingappliances, whereby their relative speeds are proportional, and aswitch, a small rheostat acting in conjunction therewith for regulatingthe speed of the supplemental motor, and consequent speed of theactuating motor or solenoid; substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twowitnesses. EDMUND C. MORGAN. Witnesses:

FRANK T. BROWN, J. LAWRENCE GERRY.

